feat: Phase 1 后端骨架主体入库(补 backend/app 主体与 requirements.txt)

上轮 3 次 commit 只入库了修补文件,主体目录漏入库。本次补入 backend/app/、backend/requirements.txt、backend/scripts/__init__.py。同步在 .gitignore 加 homePC/(制片人家用机带过来的参考文件,不进库)。

backend/app/core/config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+"""
+应用配置 — 用 pydantic-settings 的 BaseSettings 读取 .env
+"""
+
+from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings
+
+
+class Settings(BaseSettings):
+    DATABASE_URL: str
+    SECRET_KEY: str = "change-me-to-a-random-string-in-production"
+    SESSION_MAX_AGE: int = 86400  # 秒，默认 1 天
+
+    model_config = {
+        "env_file": ".env",
+        "env_file_encoding": "utf-8",
+    }
+
+
+settings = Settings()

backend/app/core/deps.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+"""
+FastAPI 依赖注入工具 — 获取当前用户、角色鉴权
+"""
+
+from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
+from sqlmodel import Session
+
+from app.db.session import get_session
+from app.models.user import User, UserRole
+
+
+def get_current_user(
+    request: Request,
+    session: Session = Depends(get_session),
+) -> User:
+    """从 Session 中取 user_id，查库返回当前用户。
+
+    未登录或用户不存在 / 已停用时抛出 401。
+    """
+    user_id = request.session.get("user_id")
+    if user_id is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="请先登录",
+        )
+    user = session.get(User, user_id)
+    if user is None or not user.is_active:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="用户不存在或已被停用",
+        )
+    return user
+
+
+def require_role(*allowed_roles: UserRole):
+    """返回一个 Depends 依赖，要求当前用户拥有指定的角色之一。
+
+    使用示例:
+        @router.get("/admin-only")
+        def admin_endpoint(user=Depends(require_role(UserRole.zhipianren))):
+            ...
+
+        @router.get("/staff")
+        def staff_endpoint(user=Depends(require_role(UserRole.zhipianren, UserRole.zebian))):
+            ...
+    """
+
+    def check_role(user: User = Depends(get_current_user)) -> User:
+        if user.role not in allowed_roles:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+                detail="权限不足，无法执行此操作",
+            )
+        return user
+
+    return check_role

backend/app/core/security.py

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+"""
+认证安全工具 — passlib + bcrypt
+"""
+
+from passlib.context import CryptContext
+
+pwd_context = CryptContext(schemes=["bcrypt"], deprecated="auto")
+
+
+def hash_password(plain: str) -> str:
+    """用 bcrypt 生成密码哈希。"""
+    return pwd_context.hash(plain)
+
+
+def verify_password(plain: str, hashed: str) -> bool:
+    """验证明文密码与哈希是否匹配。"""
+    return pwd_context.verify(plain, hashed)