diff --git a/backend/app/core/config.py b/backend/app/core/config.py
index f7f4487..65258cb 100644
--- a/backend/app/core/config.py
+++ b/backend/app/core/config.py
@@ -1,19 +1,30 @@
 """
-应用配置 — 用 pydantic-settings 的 BaseSettings 读取 .env
+应用配置 — 手动从 .env 读取，不依赖 pydantic-settings 自动 env_file
 """
 
-from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+
+# 强制加载 backend/.env 到 os.environ（用 __file__ 定位脚本所在目录，避免 cwd 漂移）
+# __file__ = e:\tps-dashboard\backend\app\core\config.py → parent.parent.parent = e:\tps-dashboard\backend
+_env_path = Path(__file__).parent.parent.parent / ".env"
+load_dotenv(str(_env_path), override=True)
+
+# 直接从 os.environ 读取，手动兜底
+_DATABASE_URL = os.environ.get("DATABASE_URL")
+_SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get("SECRET_KEY", "change-me-to-a-random-string-in-production")
+_SESSION_MAX_AGE = int(os.environ.get("SESSION_MAX_AGE", "86400"))
+
+# 验证必需配置
+if not _DATABASE_URL:
+    raise RuntimeError(f"[config] DATABASE_URL 未设置。请检查 {_env_path} 是否存在且内容正确。")
+
+# 简单命名空间对象（替代 pydantic-settings，避免 env 读取失效）
+class Settings:
+    DATABASE_URL: str = _DATABASE_URL
+    SECRET_KEY: str = _SECRET_KEY
+    SESSION_MAX_AGE: int = _SESSION_MAX_AGE
 
 
-class Settings(BaseSettings):
-    DATABASE_URL: str
-    SECRET_KEY: str = "change-me-to-a-random-string-in-production"
-    SESSION_MAX_AGE: int = 86400  # 秒，默认 1 天
-
-    model_config = {
-        "env_file": ".env",
-        "env_file_encoding": "utf-8",
-    }
-
-
-settings = Settings()
\ No newline at end of file
+settings = Settings()